Most common names worldwide

A short list with caveats about how rankings work.

Lists of "the most common Arabic names" circulate widely, but the underlying data is patchy. Some countries publish national name registries; others do not. Methodology differs: some lists count newborns in a single year, others all living people, others a specific subset (Muslims globally, citizens of one country). Spelling variants are sometimes counted as one name, sometimes as several. Dynastic and religious names dominate any historical view, while contemporary fashion shifts annually.

What follows is a list of names commonly cited as among the most popular for Arabic-speaking and Muslim populations. Treat any specific ranking as approximate.

Male

The dominance of Muhammad (in all its spellings) at the top of male name lists across the Muslim world has held for decades. Counted with all transliteration variants — Muhammad, Mohammad, Mohamed, Mohammed, Muhammed — it is consistently cited as the most common given name globally, or close to it. The reason is partly tradition (it is the Prophet's name) and partly the practice in some communities of giving every male child the name Muhammad as a first or middle name, with another name in actual use.

The names in this list are commonly cited as among the most popular for Arabic-speaking and Muslim populations. The order is approximate.

Muhammad / Mohamed / Mohammed
محمّد muHammad
Cited as the most common given name globally.
Ahmad / Ahmed
أحمد aHmad
Same root as Muhammad.
Ali
علي ʿalii
Especially common in Shia communities.
Hassan / Husayn
حسن / حسين Hasan / Husayn
The grandsons of the Prophet.
Omar
عمر ʿumar
Yousef / Yusuf
يوسف yuusuf
Ibrahim
إبراهيم ibraahiim
Khalid / Khaled
خالد khaalid
Abdullah
عبد الله ʿabd allaah
Especially common in the Gulf.
Mahmoud / Mahmud
محمود maHmuud
Especially common in Egypt and Levant.
Mustafa
مصطفى muSTafaa
Karim / Kareem
كريم kariim
Hamza
حمزة Hamza
Has trended up among newborns recently.
Adam / Adem
آدم aadam
Trending in newborn naming.
Ismail / Ismael
إسماعيل ismaaʿiil
Saeed / Said
سعيد saʿiid
Nasir / Nasser
ناصر naaSir
Salah
صلاح SalaaH
Tariq
طارق Taariq
Bilal
بلال bilaal
Trending up among newborns.

Female

Mariam / Maryam (the Virgin Mary), Fatima (the Prophet's daughter), and Aisha (his wife) consistently appear at the top of female name lists. Like the male equivalents, these are tied to religious figures and have been popular for over a thousand years.

More recent fashion in many Arabic-speaking countries has turned toward shorter, often modern-feeling names — Lara, Lana, Lina, Mira, Joud, Jana — alongside the traditional set.

Mariam / Maryam
مريم maryam
Universal across Christian and Muslim Arabs.
Fatima / Fatma
فاطمة faaTima
Aisha / Ayesha
عائشة ʿaa'isha
Particularly common in Sunni-majority regions.
Khadija
خديجة khadiija
Zaynab / Zainab
زينب zaynab
Sara / Sarah
سارة saara
Used by both Christian and Muslim Arabs.
Layla / Leila
ليلى laylaa
Noor / Nour
نور nuur
Trending in newborn naming.
Salma
سلمى salmaa
Amina / Aamina
آمنة aamina
Yasmin
ياسمين yaasmiin
Hana / Hanan
هناء / حنان hanaa' / Hanaan
Two related but distinct names.
Huda / Hoda
هدى hudaa
Mona / Muna
منى munaa
Amira
أميرة amiira
Lina
لينا liinaa
Trending in newborn naming.
Reem / Rim
ريم riim
Rana / Rania
رنا / رانية ranaa / raaniya
Jana
جنى janaa
Trending in newborn naming.
Malak
ملاك malak
Trending in newborn naming.

How rankings vary

Three observations from anyone who has compared lists across countries.

First, the same name varies in rank. Khadija is more common in the Maghreb than in the Levant. Husayn is more common in Iraq, Lebanon, and Iran than in Egypt or Saudi Arabia. Nora is more common in the Gulf than elsewhere.

Second, transliteration choices affect counts. UK statistics that combine "Mohammed," "Muhammad," "Mohamed," and "Mohammad" find that this name is at or near the top of the male newborn list; lists that count each spelling separately rank them lower. The underlying name is the same.

Third, secular and modern naming has expanded the field. Younger families increasingly choose shorter names that work in both Arabic and non-Arabic contexts: Adam, Sami, Lara, Mira, Lana. Traditional religious names remain common but no longer dominate as completely as they did fifty years ago.